Inverse Currents in Hamiltonian Coupled Transport

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that inverse currents, where the induced current opposes the applied force, can occur in Hamiltonian systems due to self-organization under coupled thermodynamic forces.

Contribution

It reveals the conditions under which inverse currents occur in Hamiltonian coupled transport systems, highlighting the role of self-organization.

Findings

Inverse currents can occur in Hamiltonian systems with coupled transport.

Self-organization enables the counterintuitive inverse current phenomenon.

The phenomenon arises when equilibrium states are perturbed by thermodynamic forces.

Abstract

The occurrence of an inverse current, where the sign of the induced current is opposite to the applied force, is a highly counterintuitive phenomenon. We show that inverse currents in coupled transport (ICC) of energy and particle can occur in a one-dimensional interacting Hamiltonian system when its equilibrium state is perturbed by coupled thermodynamic forces. This seemingly paradoxical result is possible due to the self-organization occurring in the system in response to the applied forces.