Mass structure and pressure forces inside the nucleon

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent research on how the mass and internal pressure distribution of the nucleon are decomposed and understood through the energy-momentum tensor, using high-energy scattering data and extending to higher-spin targets.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in nucleon mass decomposition and pressure distribution analysis, including developments for targets with spin greater than 1/2.

Findings

Insights into the nucleon mass structure from energy-momentum tensor analysis

Methods to constrain pressure forces using high-energy scattering data

Extensions of pressure distribution models to higher-spin targets

Abstract

We summarize recent works on the question of the nucleon mass decomposition and the 2D relativistic distribution of pressure forces on the light front. All these mechanical properties are encoded in the energy-momentum tensor of the system which can be constrained using various types of high-energy lepton-nucleon scatterings. Some further developments for targets with spin $>1/2$ are also reported.