Estimating Covariance Matrices for Two- and Three-Point Correlation Function Moments in Arbitrary Survey Geometries

TL;DR

This paper introduces efficient, configuration-space estimators for covariance matrices of two- and three-point correlation functions in arbitrary survey geometries, enabling faster and accurate cosmological analysis.

Contribution

The authors develop a generalized, low-cost method for estimating covariances of 2PCF and 3PCF moments, incorporating non-Gaussianity and survey geometry effects.

Findings

Estimators agree well with mock-based covariances.

Achieve covariance estimates in a fraction of the time required by mocks.

Include a shot-noise rescaling parameter to account for non-Gaussianity.

Abstract

We present configuration-space estimators for the auto- and cross-covariance of two- and three-point correlation functions (2PCF and 3PCF) in general survey geometries. These are derived in the Gaussian limit (setting higher-order correlation functions to zero), but for arbitrary non-linear 2PCFs (which may be estimated from the survey itself), with a shot-noise rescaling parameter included to capture non-Gaussianity. We generalize previous approaches to include Legendre moments via a geometry-correction function calibrated from measured pair and triple counts. Making use of importance sampling and random particle catalogs, we can estimate model covariances in fractions of the time required to do so with mocks, obtaining estimates with negligible sampling noise in $\sim 10$ ($\sim 100$) CPU-hours for the 2PCF (3PCF) auto-covariance. We compare results to sample covariances from a suite of BOSS DR12 mocks and find the matrices to be in good agreement, assuming a shot-noise rescaling parameter of $1.03$ ($1.20$) for the 2PCF (3PCF). To obtain strongest constraints on cosmological parameters we must use multiple statistics in concert; having robust methods to measure their covariances at low computational cost is thus of great relevance to upcoming surveys.