Revisiting the Supersymmetric Pati-Salam Models from Intersecting D6-branes

TL;DR

This paper systematically revisits the construction of three-family supersymmetric Pati-Salam models in Type IIA string theory with intersecting D6-branes, introducing new models with refined gauge couplings and exploring the effects of T-duality.

Contribution

It presents new Pati-Salam models with one wrapping number equal to 5 and analyzes the impact of T-duality on model building, expanding the landscape of viable string-derived models.

Findings

Constructed new models with three families and refined gauge couplings.

Identified that T-duality is not an equivalence relation in certain Pati-Salam models.

Discovered models with potential for approximate gauge coupling unification.

Abstract

Employing new scanning methods, we revisit the systematic construction of three-family $N=1$ supersymmetric Pati-Salam models in Type IIA orientifolds on ${\bf T}^6/(\mathbb Z_2\times \mathbb Z_2)$ with intersecting D6-branes. Arising from the stacks of D6-branes with $U(n)$ gauge symmetries, the Pati-Salam gauge symmetries $SU(4)_C\times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ can be broken down to the Standard Model via D-brane splitting as well as D- and F-flatness preserving Higgs mechanism. Also, the hidden sector contains $USp(n)$ branes, which are parallel with the orientifold planes or their ${\mathbb Z_2}$ images. We find that the Type II T-duality in the previous study is not an equivalent relation in Pati-Salam model building if the model is not invariant under $SU(2)_L$ and $SU(2)_R$ exchange, and provides a way to obtain new models. We systematically construct the new models with three families, which usually do not have gauge coupling unification at the string scale. We for the first time construct the Pati-Salam models with one wrapping number equal to $5$. In particular, we find that these models carry more refined gauge couplings, and thus with more possibility to have approximate gauge coupling unification.