Tracing magnetic fields by the synergies of synchrotron emission gradients

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that using multiple synchrotron emission gradient diagnostics can effectively trace the magnetic field directions in the interstellar medium, validated through simulations and observational data.

Contribution

It introduces a synergistic approach combining various synchrotron emission diagnostics to improve magnetic field tracing in the interstellar medium.

Findings

Diagnostics effectively determine magnetic field directions in simulations.

Consistent predictions across different diagnostics in observational data.

Potential for improved magnetic field mapping with future radio astronomy data.

Abstract

This paper studies how to employ synchrotron emission gradient techniques to reveal the properties of the magnetic field within the interstellar media. Based on data cubes of three-dimensional numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, we explore spatial gradients of synchrotron emission diagnostics to trace the direction of the magnetic field. According to our simulations, multifarious diagnostics for synchrotron emission can effectively determine the potential direction of projected magnetic fields. Applying the synergies of synchrotron diagnostic gradients to the archive data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey, we find that multifarious diagnostic techniques make consistent predictions for the Galactic magnetic field directions. With the high-resolution data presently available from Low Frequency Array for radio astronomy and those in the future from the Square Kilometer Array, the synergies of synchrotron emission gradients are supposed to perform better in tracing the actual direction of interstellar magnetic fields, especially in the low-frequency Faraday rotation regime where traditional synchrotron polarization measure fails.