Microscopic foundations of the Second Law of Thermodynamics within Nonunitary Newtonian Gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how nonunitary Newtonian gravity can provide a microscopic basis for the Second Law of Thermodynamics by demonstrating entropy increase and thermalization in a nanocrystal system.

Contribution

It introduces a model linking nonunitary gravity effects to thermodynamic behavior, showing entropy growth and equilibrium emergence in a quantum system.

Findings

Von Neumann entropy increases monotonically over time.

System reaches a stable thermal equilibrium.

Supports the micro-canonical ensemble emergence from gravity effects.

Abstract

The quest for a microscopic foundation of Thermodynamics is addressed within the Nonunitary Newtonian Gravity model through the study of a specific closed system, namely a three-dimensional harmonic nanocrystal. A numerical calculation of the nanocrystal von Neumann entropy as a function of time is performed, showing a sharp monotonic increase, followed by a stabilization at late times. This behavior is consistent with the emergence of a micro-canonical ensemble within the initial energy levels, signaling, in this way, the establishment of a non-unitary gravity-induced thermal equilibrium.