Investigation of the Origin of the Anomalous Microwave Emission in Lambda Orionis

TL;DR

This study investigates the origin of anomalous microwave emission in Lambda Orionis, providing evidence that spinning polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a significant contributor, through infrared and microwave data analysis.

Contribution

It offers new evidence linking AME to PAH mass using hierarchical Bayesian inference and detailed dust spectral energy distribution modeling.

Findings

Dust mass correlates with AME.

PAH-related emission correlates more strongly with AME.

Support for the spinning PAH hypothesis in Lambda Orionis.

Abstract

The anomalous microwave emission (AME) still lacks a conclusive explanation. This excess of emission, roughly between 10 and 50 GHz, tends to defy attempts to explain it as synchrotron or free-free emission. The overlap with frequencies important for cosmic microwave background explorations, combined with a strong correlation with interstellar dust, drive cross-disciplinary collaboration between interstellar medium and observational cosmology. The apparent relationship with dust has prompted a ``spinning dust'' hypothesis. The typical peak frequency range of the AME profile implicates spinning grains on the order of 1 nm. This points to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We use data from the AKARI/Infrared Camera (IRC), due to its thorough PAH-band coverage, to compare AME from the Planck Collaboration astrophysical component separation product with infrared dust emission in the Orionis AME-prominent region. We look also at infrared dust emission from other mid IR and far-IR bands. The results and discussion contained here apply to an angular scale of approximately 1{\deg}. We find that certainly dust mass correlates with AME, and that PAH-related emission in the AKARI/IRC 9 {\mu}m band correlates slightly more strongly. Using hierarchical Bayesian inference and full dust spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling we argue that AME in {\lambda}Orionis correlates more strongly with PAH mass than with total dust mass, lending support for a spinning PAH hypothesis within this region. We emphasize that future efforts to understand AME should focus on individual regions, and a detailed comparison of the PAH features with the variation of the AME SED.