$Z^\prime$ models with less-minimal flavour violation

TL;DR

This paper explores simplified $Z^\prime$ models with a specific flavour symmetry that can simultaneously explain multiple flavour anomalies and predict observable effects in CP violation and collider experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a less-minimal flavour violation framework for $Z^\prime$ models that addresses several flavour anomalies and makes testable predictions for future experiments.

Findings

Explains $\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$, $B o K\pi$ puzzle, and $b o s\ell^+\ell^-$ anomalies simultaneously.

Predicts sizeable CP violation in $b o s\ell^+\ell^-$ observables like $A_8$.

Suggests effects in di-jet tails at the LHC near current limits.

Abstract

We study the phenomenology of simplified $Z^\prime$ models with a global $U(2)^3$ flavour symmetry in the quark sector, broken solely by the Standard Model Yukawa couplings. This flavour symmetry, known as less-minimal flavour violation, protects $\Delta F=2$ processes from dangerously large new physics (NP) effects, and at the same time provides a free complex phase in $b\to s$ transitions, allowing for an explanation of the hints for additional direct CP violation in kaon decays ($\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$) and in hadronic $B$-decays ($B\to K\pi$ puzzle). Furthermore, once the couplings of the $Z^\prime$ boson to the leptons are included, it is possible to address the intriguing hints for NP (above the 5$\,\sigma$ level) in $b\to s \ell^+\ell^-$ transitions. Taking into account all flavour observables in a global fit, we find that $\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$, the $B\to K\pi$ puzzle and $b\to s \ell^+\ell^-$ data can be explained simultaneously. Sizeable CP violation in $b\to s \ell^+\ell^-$ observables, in particular $A_8$, is predicted, which can be tested in the near future, and an explanation of the $B\to K\pi$ and $\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$ puzzles leads to effects in di-jet tails at the LHC, that are not far below the current limits. Once $b\to s \ell^+\ell^-$ is included, cancellations in di-muon tails, possibly by a second $Z^\prime$, are required by LHC data.