A generalized perfect vortex beam with controllable impulse ring profile

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new class of generalized perfect optical vortices with controllable ring profiles, including dark vortex states, enhancing their potential for optical manipulation and communication applications.

Contribution

A novel method to generate and control generalized perfect optical vortices with customizable impulse ring profiles, including dark vortex states.

Findings

Demonstrated controllable impulse ring profiles in perfect optical vortices.

Introduced 'absolute' dark POVs with potential for particle trapping.

Showcased various POV configurations with different ring profiles.

Abstract

Perfect optical vortices (POVs) provide an enabling solution to address the predicament induced by the strong dependence of classical optical vortices on theirs carried topological charges. Here, a type of generalized POVs with controllable impulse ring profile was proposed and demonstrated. Especially, a type of "absolute" dark POVs surrounded by two bright ringlobes in each side was presented, which provides a perfect annular potential well along those dark impulse rings for trapping steadily low-index particles, cells, or quantum gas, etc. In further, several POVs with different impulse ring profiles, including conventional POVs with bright rings, dark POVs mentioned above, and also POVs with controllable impulse ring profile, were demonstrated. This work opens up new possibilities to reshape arbitrarily the impulse ring profile for perfect vortices, and this type of novel POVs will enrich functions of optical vortices and it should be of high interest for its potential applications in optical manipulation, both quantum and classical optical communications, enhanced optical imaging, and also novel structured pumping lasers, etc..