A new description of transverse momentum spectra of identified particles produced in proton-proton collisions at high energies

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new empirical method based on the participant quark model to accurately describe the transverse momentum spectra of identified particles produced in high-energy proton-proton collisions, fitting data across multiple energies.

Contribution

It presents a novel convolution-based approach using TP-like functions at the quark level, providing a better fit to experimental data than previous models.

Findings

Accurately describes $p+p$ collision data at $ oot{s}=200$ GeV, 2.76 TeV, and 13 TeV.

Uses a revised Tsallis--Pareto-type function for quark contributions.

Convolution of multiple TP-like functions models hadron spectra.

Abstract

The transverse momentum spectra of identified particles produced in high energy proton-proton ($p+p$) collisions are empirically described by a new method with the framework of participant quark model or the multisource model at the quark level, in which the source itself is exactly the participant quark. Each participant (constituent) quark contributes to the transverse momentum spectrum, which is described by the TP-like function, a revised Tsallis--Pareto-type function. The transverse momentum spectrum of the hadron is the convolution of two or more TP-like functions. For a lepton, the transverse momentum spectrum is the convolution of two TP-like functions due to two participant quarks, e.g. projectile and target quarks, taking part in the collisions. A discussed theoretical approach seems to describe the $p+p$ collisions data at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV, 2.76 TeV, and 13 TeV very well.