Dynamical universality classes towards an infinite temperature state

TL;DR

This paper investigates the universal long-time relaxation dynamics of a one-dimensional noisy quantum magnetic model, revealing nontrivial universal behaviors as the system approaches an infinite temperature state, with implications for ultracold atomic experiments.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of dynamical universality classes in quantum systems approaching infinite temperature, analyzing various mode-coupling mechanisms and conservation laws.

Findings

Relaxation dynamics can be highly nontrivial and universal.

Different mode-coupling mechanisms influence the approach to infinite temperature.

Relevance to ultracold atomic experiments is discussed.

Abstract

Dynamical universality is the observation that the dynamical properties of different systems might exhibit universal behavior that are independent of the system details. In this paper, we study the long-time dynamics of an one-dimensional noisy quantum magnetic model, and find that even though the system are inevitably driven to an infinite temperature state, the relaxation dynamics towards such featureless state can be highly nontrivial and universal. The effect of various mode-coupling mechanisms (external potential, disorder, interaction, and the interplay between them) as well as the conservation law on the long-time dynamics of the systems have been studied, and their relevance with current ultracold atomic experiments have been discussed.