The Snowball Stratosphere
R.J. Graham, Tiffany Shaw, Dorian Abbot

TL;DR
This study investigates the stratospheric circulation during Snowball Earth episodes using climate models, revealing significant differences from modern conditions and implications for Earth's past climate and geochemical constraints.
Contribution
First detailed analysis of Snowball Earth stratosphere using GCMs and an extended Eulerian Mean framework, highlighting circulation, temperature, and chemical differences from modern atmosphere.
Findings
Weaker meridional overturning circulation during snowball conditions.
Absence of sudden stratospheric warmings in snowball scenarios.
Quantified cross-tropopause mass exchange and mixing efficiency during snowball episodes.
Abstract
According to the Snowball Earth hypothesis, Earth has experienced periods of low-latitude glaciation in its deep past. Prior studies have used general circulation models (GCMs) to examine the effects such an extreme climate state might have on the structure and dynamics of Earth's troposphere, but the behavior of the stratosphere has not been studied in detail. Understanding the snowball stratosphere is important for developing an accurate account of the Earth's radiative and chemical properties during these episodes. Here we conduct the first analysis of the stratospheric circulation of the Snowball Earth using ECHAM6 general circulation model simulations. In order to understand the factors contributing to the stratospheric circulation, we extend the Statistical Transformed Eulerian Mean framework. We find that the stratosphere during a snowball with prescribed modern ozone levels…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAtmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics · Atmospheric Ozone and Climate · Marine and coastal ecosystems
