Charge density response and fake plasmons in holographic models with strong translation symmetry breaking

TL;DR

This paper investigates charge density responses in holographic models with strong translation symmetry breaking, revealing incoherent spectra and a broad fake plasmon feature arising from non-hydrodynamic modes, challenging conventional plasmon understanding.

Contribution

It demonstrates the absence of hydrodynamic sound modes and introduces the concept of a fake plasmon originating from non-hydrodynamic sectors in holographic models with explicit translation symmetry breaking.

Findings

Hydrodynamic sound mode is suppressed due to strong momentum relaxation.

Charge density response becomes incoherent and featureless when Coulomb interaction is included.

A broad fake plasmon feature appears at intermediate frequencies, governed by translation symmetry breaking scale.

Abstract

We study the charge density response in holographic models with explicit translation symmetry breaking which is relevant in IR. In particular, we focus on Q-lattices and the Bianchy VII helix. We show that the hydrodynamic sound mode is removed from the spectrum due to the strong momentum relaxation and therefore, the usual treatment of the plasmon as Coulomb-dressed zero sound does not apply. Furthermore, the dominant coherent modes in the longitudinal channel, which control the neutral density-density correlator, are diffusive. We show these modes are strongly suppressed when the boundary Coulomb interaction is turned on. This renders the low frequency charge density response spectrum completely incoherent and featureless. At intermediate frequencies, we observe a broad feature -- the fake plasmon -- in the dressed correlator, which could be confused with an overdamped plasmon. However, its gap is set by the scale of translation symmetry breaking instead of the plasma frequency. This broad feature originates from the non-hydrodynamic sector of the holographic spectrum, and therefore, its behaviour, typical of strongly correlated quantum critical systems with holographic duals, deviates from the standard Fermi-liquid paradigm.