Robust stimulated Raman exact passage using shaped pulses

TL;DR

This paper introduces shaped pulses designed via the Lewis-Riesenfeld method for ultra high fidelity population transfer in a three-level quantum system, demonstrating superior robustness over traditional pulses.

Contribution

It develops a family of exact transfer solutions using the L-R invariant, including a tracking solution that optimizes fidelity, population, and robustness simultaneously.

Findings

Shaped pulses outperform Gaussian and adiabatic pulses in robustness.

The method achieves ultra high fidelity with controlled excited state population.

Robustness is quantitatively improved for moderate pulse areas.

Abstract

We developed single-shot shaped pulses for ultra high fidelity (UH-fidelity) population transfer on a 3-level quantum system in lambda configuration. To ensure high fidelity, we use the Lewis-Riesenfeld (L-R) method to derive a family of solutions leading to an exact transfer, where the solutions follow a single dynamical mode of the L-R invariant. Among this family, we identify a tracking solution with a single parameter to control simultaneously the fidelity of the transfer, the population of the excited state, and robustness. We define a measure of the robustness of an UH-fidelity transfer as the minimum percentile deviation on the pulse areas at which the infidelity rises above $10^{-4}$. The robustness of our shaped pulses is found superior to that of Gaussian and adiabatically-optimized pulses for moderate pulse areas.