Energy, angular momentum and pressure force distributions inside nucleons

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent advances in understanding the internal distributions of mass, angular momentum, and pressure forces within nucleons using gravitational form factors and their Fourier transforms.

Contribution

It introduces a non-perturbative approach to map out mechanical property distributions inside hadrons via gravitational form factors.

Findings

Distribution of mass, angular momentum, and pressure forces inside nucleons can be mapped in position space.

Fourier transforms of gravitational form factors provide new insights into hadron internal structure.

The approach offers a detailed view of the internal mechanical properties of hadrons.

Abstract

We review some of the recent developments regarding mass, angular momentum and pressure forces inside hadrons. These properties are all encoded in the energy-momentum tensor of the system, which is described at the non-perturbative level in terms of gravitational form factors. Similarly to electromagnetic form factors, Fourier transforms of gravitational form factors allow one to map out the distribution of the above mechanical properties in position space, providing a whole new way of studying in detail the internal structure of hadrons.