Robust and high-resolution seismic complex trace analysis

TL;DR

This paper introduces a robust, high-resolution seismic signal analysis method using sparse time-frequency decomposition and adaptive filtering, outperforming conventional techniques in noisy environments.

Contribution

It proposes a novel sparse time-frequency decomposition method with adaptive filtering for improved seismic attribute estimation under noise.

Findings

Outperforms conventional methods in noisy conditions

Provides higher resolution seismic attribute images

Enhances interpretation of geological structures

Abstract

Seismic attributes calculated by conventional methods are susceptible to noise. Conventional filtering reduces the noise in the cost of losing the spectral bandwidth. The challenge of having a high-resolution and robust signal processing tool motivated us to propose a sparse time-frequency decomposition while is stabilized for random noise. The procedure initiates by using Sparsity-based adaptive S-transform to regularize abrupt variations in frequency content of the nonstationary signals. Then, considering the fact that a higher amplitude of a frequency component results in a higher signal to noise ratio, an adaptive filter is applied to the time-frequency spectrum which is sparcified previously. The proposed zero adaptive filter enhances the high amplitude frequency components while suppresses the lower ones. The performance of the proposed method is compared to the sparse S-transform and the robust window Hilbert transform in estimation of instantaneous attributes by applying on synthetic and real data sets. Seismic attributes estimated by the proposed method is superior to the conventional ones in terms of its robustness and high resolution image. The proposed approach has a vast application in interpretation and identification of geological structures.