Calibration of atmospheric neutrino flux calculations using cosmic muon flux and charge ratio measurements

TL;DR

This paper improves atmospheric neutrino flux predictions by calibrating hadronic interaction models with high-precision muon flux and charge ratio data, reducing uncertainties in the models.

Contribution

It introduces a calibration method for hadronic models using muon measurements, enhancing the accuracy of atmospheric neutrino flux calculations.

Findings

Derived corrections to hadronic models based on muon data

Quantified the impact of muon measurements on flux uncertainties

Enhanced the reliability of neutrino flux predictions

Abstract

The general features of the neutrino flux from cosmic ray interactions in the Earth's atmosphere are well characterized. However, the absolute precision of calculations is still insufficient and the uncertainty from the modeling of hadronic interactions in the very forward region remains a major limitation. In this work, we benchmark the current generation hadronic models using high-precision atmospheric muon calculations from a few GeV to multiple TeV energies provided by the MCEq code. We derive corrections to hadronic models using publicly available measurements of the flux and charge ratio of atmospheric muons from surface and underground detectors. When combining data, the experimental uncertainties are taken into account. We discuss the calibration method and the strength of the derived constraints.