High-speed and high-resolution interrogation of FBG sensors using wavelength-to-time mapping and Gaussian filters

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel high-speed, high-resolution method for interrogating fiber Bragg grating sensors using wavelength-to-time mapping and Gaussian filters, enabling fast and accurate measurements.

Contribution

The work presents a new technique combining wavelength-to-time mapping and Gaussian filters for improved FBG sensor interrogation, extending measurement range and reducing distortions.

Findings

Achieved sensitivities of approximately 20 pm.

Demonstrated interrogation rates up to 264 MHz.

Effectively avoided measurement distortions from residual power.

Abstract

In this work we report a novel technique for simultaneous high-speed and high-resolution interrogation of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. The method uses the wavelength-to-time mapping effect in a chromatic dispersive medium and a couple of intensity Gaussian filters. The Bragg wavelength is retrieved by means of the amplitude comparison between the two filtered grating spectrums, which are mapped into a time-domain waveform. In this way, measurement distortions arising from residual power due to the grating sidelobes are completely avoided, and the wavelength measurement range is considerably extended with respect to the previously proposed schemes. We present the mathematical background for the interrogation of FBGs with an arbitrary bandwidth. In our proof-of-concept experiments, we achieved sensitivities of ~20 pm with ultra-fast rates up to 264 MHz.