Dynamic description of ternary and quaternary splits of heavy nuclear systems in the deep-inelastic regime

TL;DR

This paper investigates the microscopic dynamics of heavy nuclear systems undergoing ternary and quaternary splits in the deep-inelastic regime, revealing new insights into multifragmentation processes at high energies.

Contribution

It introduces a microscopic description using the Boltzmann-Langevin equation to analyze the development of instabilities leading to multiple fragmentations in heavy nuclear collisions.

Findings

Observation of abundant ternary and quaternary splits in experiments.

Development of instabilities along deformation in nuclear reactions.

Application of the BLOB approach for reaction dynamics simulation.

Abstract

Colliding heavy nuclear systems in the deep-inelastic regime may undergo partitioning into multiple fragments when fusion can not be achieved. While multiple breakups are common at Fermi energy, they are rather exotic in the deep-inelastic regime, where density, excitation and, in general, transport conditions, are expected to be different. Abundant ternary and quaternary splits have been observed in recent experiments, for instance in symmetric semi-central and semi-peripheral collisions with heavy systems, like $^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ + $^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ at 15 MeV per nucleon. In these conditions, we undertook a microscopic description of the reaction dynamics. Relying on the full solution of the Boltzmann-Langevin equation implemented in the BLOB approach, we could follow in time the development of instabilities along deformation.