TT Arietis: 40 years of photometry

TL;DR

This study analyzes over 40 years of photometric data of TT Arietis, revealing persistent superhumps, quasi-periodic oscillations, and detailed low-state behaviors, including the first photometric detection of the orbital period.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of TT Ari's low state and confirms the persistence of negative superhumps and orbital modulation in photometric data.

Findings

Negative superhump persists over 40 years with variable period and amplitude.

First detection of orbital period modulation in photometry.

Identification of quasi-periodic oscillations and structured low-state behavior.

Abstract

In an effort to characterize variations on the time scale of hours and smaller during the high and low states of the novalike variable TT Ari, light curves taken over the course of more than 40 yr are analyzed. It is found that the well known negative superhump observed during the high state persists until the present day at an average period of 0.13295 d which is slightly variable from year to year and exhibits substantial amplitude changes. The beat period between superhump and orbital period is also seen. QPOs occur at a preferred quasi-period of 18 -- 25 min and undergo a systematic frequency evolution during a night. The available data permit for the first time a detailed investigation of the low state which is highly structured on time-scales of tens of days. On hourly time scales the light curve exhibits strong variations which are mostly irregular. However, during an interval of several days at the start of the low state, coherent 1.2 mag oscillations with a period of 8.90 h are seen. During the deep low state quiet phases and strong (1.5 -- 3 mag), highly structured flares alternate in irregular intervals of roughly 1 day. The quiet phases are modulated on the orbital period of TT Ari, suggesting reflection of the light of the primary component off the secondary. This is the first time that the orbital period is seen in photometric data.