Birth of de Sitter Universe from time crystal
Daisuke Yoshida, Jiro Soda

TL;DR
This paper demonstrates that a specific Horndeski theory extension can model a time crystal Universe, which can nucleate a de Sitter Universe via tunneling, providing a potential past completion of inflation.
Contribution
It introduces a novel connection between time crystal universes and de Sitter space within a Horndeski framework, extending instanton concepts to cosmology.
Findings
Time crystal Universe can nucleate from flat space.
De Sitter Universe can emerge via tunneling from the time crystal.
Provides a new perspective on the origin of inflationary universes.
Abstract
We show that a simple sub-class of Horndeski theory can describe a time crystal Universe. The time crystal Universe can be regarded as a baby Universe nucleated from a flat space, which is mediated by an extension of Giddings-Strominger instanton in a 2-form theory dual to the Horndeski theory. Remarkably, when a cosmological constant is included, de Sitter Universe can be created by tunneling from the time crystal Universe. It gives rise to a past completion of an inflationary Universe.
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