Brightening odd-parity excitons in transition-metal dichalcogenides: Rashba spin-orbit interaction, skyrmions, and cavity polaritons

TL;DR

This paper explores how Rashba spin-orbit interaction and Skyrmions can be used to enable optical access to dark odd-parity excitons in transition-metal dichalcogenides, with implications for cavity polaritons and exciton detection.

Contribution

It demonstrates that Rashba spin-orbit and Skyrmions can engineer optical selection rules for dark excitons, facilitating their detection and manipulation in photonic cavities.

Findings

Rashba spin-orbit interaction enables optical coupling to odd-parity excitons.

Skyrmions in substrates can match exciton angular momentum for optical access.

Enhanced polariton coupling reveals exciton fine-splitting.

Abstract

Odd-angular momentum exciton states are dark to light in monolayers of transition-metal dichalcogenides and can be addressed only by two-photon probes. Besides, $2p$ excitons states are expected to show a fine splitting that arises from the peculiar electronic band structure of the material, characterized by a finite Berry curvature around each valley. In this work we study in detail the coupling of photons to $p$ exciton states and we find that the Rashba spin-orbit interaction or a Skyrmion in the transition-metal dichalcogenide substrate can be exploited to engineer finite optical selection rules. The basis mechanism relies on a matching of the exciton angular momentum with the winding of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction or the Skyrmion topological charge. In a photonic cavity, the coupling is enhanced due to photon confinement and the resulting polaritonic branches acquire a mixing with $2p^\pm$ excitons, thus providing a useful tool to detect exciton fine-splitting and and enable novel uses of odd-parity dark excitons.