Origin of the Cosmological Constant

TL;DR

This paper proposes that the cosmological constant's value is determined by a boundary condition in Euclidian spacetime, linking it to the universe's conformal age and predicting its observed value without free parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a novel boundary condition in Euclidian spacetime that explains the cosmological constant's value and its relation to the universe's conformal age.

Findings

Predicts the dimensionless parameter Ω_Λ as 67.2%, close to observational data.

Links Euclidian boundary conditions to exponential expansion in spacetime.

Provides a parameter-free explanation for the cosmological constant's value.

Abstract

The observed value of the cosmological constant corresponds to a time scale that is very close to the current conformal age of the universe. Here we show that this is not a coincidence but is caused by a periodic boundary condition, which only manifests itself when the metric is represented in Euclidian spacetime. The circular property of the metric in Euclidian spacetime becomes an exponential evolution (de Sitter or $\Lambda$ term) in ordinary spacetime. The value of $\Lambda$ then gets uniquely linked to the period in Euclidian conformal time, which corresponds to the conformal age of the universe. Without the use of any free model parameters we predict the value of the dimensionless parameter $\Omega_\Lambda$ to be 67.2 %, which is within $2\sigma$ of the value derived from CMB observations.