Further results on structured regression for multi-scale networks

TL;DR

This paper improves the scalability and accuracy of Gaussian Conditional Random Fields for structured regression on large and multiscale networks by employing graph decomposition techniques and new eigenvalue estimations.

Contribution

It introduces novel methods for applying Kronecker product decompositions to GCRF, significantly reducing computational complexity while maintaining high prediction accuracy.

Findings

Achieved reduction in computational complexity from O(n1^3 n2^3) to O(n1^3 + n2^3)

Models outperform previous GCRF in accuracy on multiscale networks

Effective on various random network types

Abstract

Gaussian Conditional Random Fields (GCRF), as a structured regression model, is designed to achieve higher regression accuracy than unstructured predictors at the expense of execution time, taking into account the objects similarities and the outputs of unstructured predictors simultaneously. As most structural models, the GCRF model does not scale well with large networks. One of the approaches consists of performing calculations on factor graphs (if it is possible) rather than on the full graph, which is more computationally efficient. The Kronecker product of the graphs appears to be a natural choice for a graph decomposition. However, this idea is not straightforwardly applicable for GCRF, since characterizing a Laplacian spectrum of the Kronecker product of graphs, which GCRF is based on, from spectra of its factor graphs has remained an open problem. In this paper we apply new estimations for the Laplacian eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and achieve high prediction accuracy of the proposed models, while the computational complexity of the models, compared to the original GCRF model, is improved from $O(n_{1}^{3}n_{2}^{3})$ to $O(n_{1}^{3} + n_{2}^{3})$. Furthermore, we study the GCRF model with a non-Kronecker graph, where the model consists of finding the nearest Kronecker product of graph for an initial graph. Although the proposed models are more complex, they achieve high prediction accuracy too, while the execution time is still much better compare to the original GCRF model. The effectiveness of the proposed models is characterized on three types of random networks where the proposed models were consistently away more accurate than the previously presented GCRF model for multiscale networks [Jesse Glass and Zoran Obradovic. Structured regression on multiscale networks. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 32(2):23-30, 2017.].