Asymptotic dynamics of three-dimensional bipolar ultrashort electromagnetic pulses in an array of semiconductor carbon nanotubes

TL;DR

This paper investigates the long-term behavior of three-dimensional bipolar ultrashort electromagnetic pulses in semiconductor carbon nanotube arrays, using advanced models that extend sine-Gordon equations to three dimensions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel three-dimensional model based on generalized sine-Gordon equations to describe pulse dynamics in nanotube arrays, considering field inhomogeneity beyond traditional approximations.

Findings

Pulse evolution can be effectively described by 3D sine-Gordon type equations.

The model captures the interaction between electromagnetic fields and electronic subsystems.

Numerical results show the model's validity over large timescales.

Abstract

We study the propagation of three-dimensional bipolar ultrashort electromagnetic pulses in an array of semiconductor carbon nanotubes at times much longer than the pulse duration, yet still shorter than the relaxation time in the system. The interaction of the electromagnetic field with the electronic subsystem of the medium is described by means of Maxwell's equations, taking into account the field inhomogeneity along the nanotube axis beyond the approximation of slowly varying amplitudes and phases. A model is proposed for the analysis of the dynamics of an electromagnetic pulse in the form of an effective equation for the vector potential of the field. Our numerical analysis demonstrates the possibility of a satisfactory description of the evolution of the pulse field at large times by means of a three-dimensional generalization of the sine-Gordon and double sine-Gordon equations.