Implicitly Modeling Frequency Control within Power Flow

TL;DR

This paper introduces an extended power flow model that implicitly incorporates frequency deviations and generator control actions, enhancing simulation robustness and scalability for large power systems.

Contribution

It extends existing power flow formulations to include frequency dynamics and generator controls implicitly, eliminating the need for outer iteration loops.

Findings

Improved convergence robustness in large-scale power flow simulations.

Successful application to systems with over 85,000 buses.

Enhanced modeling of generator frequency control behavior.

Abstract

In this paper, we extend a circuit-based, current-voltage power flow formulation to include frequency deviations and implicitly model generator primary and secondary control actions as a function of their temporal dependence. This includes extending the slack bus generator model(s) to better represents its true behavior with frequency controls. These implicit models obviate the need for outer iteration loops and improve the robustness of the simulation convergence when frequency deviations are considered. The simulation framework is highly scalable and is demonstrated on 85k+ bus systems.