Performance study of a Time of Flight Method used for cosmic ray detection

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel time-mark determination method for time-of-flight measurements in cosmic ray detection, utilizing pulse shape fitting on signals from scintillator detectors with silicon photomultipliers, verified through experimental data.

Contribution

The paper introduces a new pulse shape fitting algorithm for accurate time-of-flight measurement in cosmic ray detectors using silicon photomultiplier readouts.

Findings

Achieved a 4.969 ns time-of-flight measurement accuracy.

Measured scintillation counter rise times of approximately 6.27 ns and 4.98 ns.

Validated the method with experimental data from a cosmic ray counter telescope.

Abstract

Time of Flight methods have been rapidly developed and used in many experiments recently for determination of particle direction, identification of particles and energy resolutions. This paper describes a method of time-mark determination on the reconstruction algorithm, based on the sampled signal, used for time-of-flight measurements. This method was developed for distinguishing the signals by fitting to pulse shape which were received from scintillator detector with a silicon photomultiplier readout have been developed for a cosmic ray counter telescope. The method was verified using experimental data taken in the location $40^{o}54'52"N$ and $38^{o}19'26"E$ with the elevation of 30 m above the sea level. The data samples were acquired by the counters which have a scintillator with dimensions of 20$\times$20$\times1.4~cm^3$, optically coupled from one side to silicon photomultiplier, then the signals readout by fast sampling digitizer board Domino Ring Sampler Board version 4. The method can reconstruct each pulse even for multiple events without losing the count within the small time window. Using this method 4.969 ns time-of-flight value were established and the rise times for scintillation counters, named Tile 1 and Tile 2, were measured about $6.27 \pm 0.16~ns$ and $4.979\pm0.165~ns$, respectively.