Optical detection of structural properties of tumor tissues generated by xenografting of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells using partial wave spectroscopy (PWS)

TL;DR

This study uses partial wave spectroscopy to detect nanoscale structural differences in tumor tissues derived from drug-sensitive and drug-resistant prostate cancer cells in a mouse model, revealing higher disorder in resistant tumors.

Contribution

It extends PWS analysis from 2D prostate cancer cells to 3D tumor tissues in vivo, demonstrating its potential for assessing chemotherapy resistance.

Findings

Resistant tumor tissues show higher structural disorder than sensitive ones.

PWS can distinguish between drug-resistant and drug-sensitive tumor tissues in vivo.

Potential for non-invasive assessment of chemotherapy effectiveness.

Abstract

The quantitative measurement of structural alterations at the nanoscale level is important for understanding the physical state of biological samples. Studies have shown that the progression of cancer is associated with the rearrangements of building blocks of cells/tissues such as DNA, RNA, lipids, etc. Partial wave spectroscopy is a recently developed mesoscopic physics-based spectroscopic imaging technique which can detect such nanoscale changes in cells/tissues. At present, chemotherapy drug treatment is the only effective form of treatment; however, the development of drug-resistant cancer cells is a major challenge for this treatment. Earlier PWS analyses of prostate cancer cells, a 2D structure, have shown that drug-resistant cancer cells have a higher degree of structural disorder compared to drug-sensitive cancer cells. At the same time, structural properties of the metastasize tumor grown to 3D structure from drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cancer cells within the body is not well studied. In this paper, the structural properties of tissues from grown 3D tumors, generated from docetaxel drug-sensitive and drug-resistant prostate cancer cells xenografted into a mouse model, are studied. The results show that xenografted tumor tissues from drug-resistant cells have higher disorder strength than the tumor generated from drug-sensitive prostate cancer cells. Potential applications of the technique to assess chemotherapy effectiveness in cancer treatment are discussed.