Boson pair production in arbitrarily polarized electric fields

TL;DR

This paper investigates boson pair production in arbitrarily polarized electric fields, comparing it with fermion production, and explores the effects of polarization, spin, and orbital angular momentum on the momentum spectrum and number density.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of boson pair creation under various polarization states using the Feshbach-Villars-Heisenberg-Wigner formalism, revealing new insights into spin polarization and momentum vortices.

Findings

Boson number density relates to electron spin states in polarized fields.

Spin polarization increases with the Keldysh adiabaticity parameter.

Momentum vortices are induced by orbital angular momentum and reflect quantum statistics.

Abstract

The momentum spectrum and number density of created bosons for two types of arbitrarily polarized electric fields are calculated and compared with those of created fermions, employing the equal-time Feshbach-Villars-Heisenberg-Wigner formalism which is confirmed that for an uniform and time-varying electric field it is completely equivalent to the quantum Vlasov equation in scalar QED. For an elliptically polarized field, it is found that the number density of created bosons is a square root of the number density of spin-up electrons times that of spin-down ones for a circularly polarized multicycle field. Moreover, the degree of spin polarization roughly grows as the Keldysh adiabaticity parameter increases for arbitrarily polarized multicycle fields. For a field constituted of two circularly polarized fields with a time delay, it is shown that momentum vortices also exist in boson pair creation and are induced only by the orbital angular momentum of particles. However, the vortices can reproduce the quantum statistic effect due to the effect of spin of particles. These results further deepen the understanding of some significant signatures in pair production.