Griffon: Reasoning about Job Anomalies with Unlabeled Data in Cloud-based Platforms

TL;DR

Griffon is a system that automatically identifies causes of job slowdowns in cloud platforms by predicting runtimes and analyzing feature contributions, reducing manual effort and improving accuracy.

Contribution

This work introduces Griffon, a novel approach that uses regression and feature importance to diagnose job slowdowns without requiring labeled data.

Findings

Accurately identifies root causes consistent with expert validation.

Reduces investigation time compared to manual analysis.

Successfully deployed in a large-scale production environment.

Abstract

Microsoft's internal big data analytics platform is comprised of hundreds of thousands of machines, serving over half a million jobs daily, from thousands of users. The majority of these jobs are recurring and are crucial for the company's operation. Although administrators spend significant effort tuning system performance, some jobs inevitably experience slowdowns, i.e., their execution time degrades over previous runs. Currently, the investigation of such slowdowns is a labor-intensive and error-prone process, which costs Microsoft significant human and machine resources, and negatively impacts several lines of businesses. In this work, we present Griffin, a system we built and have deployed in production last year to automatically discover the root cause of job slowdowns. Existing solutions either rely on labeled data (i.e., resolved incidents with labeled reasons for job slowdowns), which is in most cases non-existent or non-trivial to acquire, or on time-series analysis of individual metrics that do not target specific jobs holistically. In contrast, in Griffin we cast the problem to a corresponding regression one that predicts the runtime of a job, and show how the relative contributions of the features used to train our interpretable model can be exploited to rank the potential causes of job slowdowns. Evaluated over historical incidents, we show that Griffin discovers slowdown causes that are consistent with the ones validated by domain-expert engineers, in a fraction of the time required by them.