Quantum dot optomechanics in suspended nanophononic strings

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates enhanced optomechanical coupling between quantum dots and mechanical modes in suspended nanophononic strings, showing potential for scalable quantum optomechanical circuits.

Contribution

It introduces a novel nanophononic string design with significantly improved optomechanical coupling to quantum dots at high frequencies.

Findings

15-fold enhancement in optomechanical modulation

Coupling parameter of 0.15 meV/nm

Vertical displacements of about 10 nm inferred

Abstract

The optomechanical coupling of quantum dots and flexural mechanical modes is studied in suspended nanophononic strings. The investigated devices are designed and monolithically fabricated on an (Al)GaAs heterostructure. Radio frequency elastic waves with frequencies ranging between $f$=250 MHz to 400 MHz are generated as Rayleigh surface acoustic waves on the unpatterned substrate and injected as Lamb waves in the nanophononic string. Quantum dots inside the nanophononic string exhibit a 15-fold enhanced optomechanical modulation compared to those dynamically strained by the Rayleigh surface acoustic wave. Detailed finite element simulations of the phononic mode spectrum of the nanophononic string confirm, that the observed modulation arises from valence band deformation potential coupling via shear strain. The corresponding optomechanical coupling parameter is quantified to $0.15 \mathrm{meV nm^{-1}}$. This value exceeds that reported for vibrating nanorods by approximately one order of magnitude at 100 times higher frequencies. Using this value, a derive vertical displacements in the range of 10 nm is deduced from the experimentally observed modulation. The results represent an important step towards the creation of large scale optomechanical circuits interfacing single optically active quantum dots with optical and mechanical waves.