Entropy-cooled nonequilibrium states of the Hubbard model

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a cooling-by-doping method can efficiently create nonequilibrium states in the Hubbard model, including cold Mott insulators, superconducting, and $ta$-paired states, by reshuffling entropy and overcoming thermalization barriers.

Contribution

It introduces a novel cooling mechanism via doping that enables preparation of various nonequilibrium states in the Hubbard model more efficiently than traditional methods.

Findings

Successfully produced cold photo-doped Mott insulating states with a sharp Drude peak.

Achieved a superconducting state with an inverted population in the repulsive Hubbard model.

Realized $ta$-paired states with high doublon and holon density.

Abstract

We show that the recently proposed cooling-by-doping mechanism allows to efficiently prepare interesting nonequilibrium states of the Hubbard model. Using nonequilibrium dynamical mean field theory and a particle-hole symmetric setup with dipolar excitations to full and empty bands we produce cold photo-doped Mott insulating states with a sharp Drude peak in the optical conductivity, a superconducting state in the repulsive Hubbard model with an inverted population, and $\eta$-paired states in systems with a large density of doublons and holons. The reshuffling of entropy into full and empty bands not only provides an efficient cooling mechanism, it also allows to overcome thermalization bottlenecks and slow dynamics that have been observed in systems cooled by the coupling to boson baths.