Random Quantum Batteries

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical framework for random quantum batteries, analyzing their average work, fluctuations, and quantum advantage, with applications to solvable models and adiabatic systems.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic method to compute work statistics in random quantum batteries based on spectral properties, highlighting typicality and quantum advantages.

Findings

Performance depends on spectral properties, initial state, and Hamiltonian.

Random quantum batteries show quantum advantage at revival times.

Method applies to solvable models and perturbative systems.

Abstract

Quantum nano-devices are fundamental systems in quantum thermodynamics that have been the subject of profound interest in recent years. Among these, quantum batteries play a very important role. In this paper we lay down a theory of random quantum batteries and provide a systematic way of computing the average work and work fluctuations in such devices by investigating their typical behavior. We show that the performance of random quantum batteries exhibits typicality and depends only on the spectral properties of the time evolving operator, the initial state and the measuring Hamiltonian. At given revival times a random quantum battery features a quantum advantage over classical random batteries. Our method is particularly apt to be used both for exactly solvable models like the Jaynes-Cummings model or in perturbation theory, e.g., systems subject to harmonic perturbations. We also study the setting of quantum adiabatic random batteries.