Majorana zero modes by engineering topological kink states in two dimensional electron gas

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new method to realize Majorana zero modes in a 2D electron gas system with engineered topological kink states, offering robustness against disorder and easier experimental implementation for quantum computing applications.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to generate Majorana zero modes using 2D electron gas with antidot lattices, overcoming limitations of previous 1D systems.

Findings

Majorana zero modes are robust against disorder and bending of kink states.

Tuning Rashba spin-orbit coupling controls the Majorana modes.

The proposed system is experimentally feasible with current techniques.

Abstract

Majorana zero modes (MZMs)--bearing potential applications for topological quantum computing--are verified in quasi-one-dimensional (1D) Fermion systems, including semiconductor nanowires, magnetic atomic chains, planar Josephson junctions. However, the existence of multi-bands in these systems makes the MZMs fragile to the influence of disorder. Moreover, in practical perspective, the proximity induced superconductivity may be difficult and restricted for 1D systems. Here, we propose a flexible route to realize MZMs through 1D topological kink states by engineering a 2D electron gas with antidot lattices, in which both the aforementioned issues can be avoided owing to the robustness of kink states and the intrinsically attainable superconductivity in high-dimensional systems. The MZMs are verified to be quite robust against disorders and the bending of kink states, and can be conveniently tuned by varying the Rashba spin-orbit coupling strength. Our proposal provides an experimental feasible platform for MZMs with systematic manipulability and assembleability based on the present techniques in 2D electron gas system.