# Bound on efficiency of heat engine from uncertainty relation viewpoint

## TL;DR

This paper establishes bounds on quantum heat engine efficiency using the uncertainty relation between position and momentum, linking quantum mechanics with thermodynamic efficiency limits.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel approach connecting quantum uncertainty principles with thermodynamic efficiency bounds in quantum heat engines.

## Key findings

- Derived upper and lower efficiency bounds from uncertainty relations.
- Linked quantum observables with thermodynamic parameters.
- Provided a quantum mechanical perspective on heat engine efficiency limits.

## Abstract

Quantum cycles in established heat engines can be modeled with various quantum systems as working substances. For example, a heat engine can be modeled with an infinite potential well as the working substance to determine the efficiency and work done. However, in this method, the relationship between the quantum observables and the physically measurable parameters i.e., the efficiency and work done is not well understood from the quantum mechanics approach. A detailed analysis is needed to link the thermodynamic variables (on which the efficiency and work done depends) with the uncertainty principle for better understanding. Here, we present the connection of the sum uncertainty relation of position and momentum operators with thermodynamic variables in the quantum heat engine model. We are able to determine the upper and lower bounds on the efficiency of the heat engine through the uncertainty relation.