# Breach of symmetries in rotating arrays and metamaterials observed in their rest frame

## TL;DR

This paper develops a polarizability theory for rotating media, revealing new non-reciprocal electromagnetic effects and symmetry breaches in arrays and metamaterials due to rotation, beyond traditional Sagnac phenomena.

## Contribution

It introduces a rigorous Green's function approach to analyze rotation-induced non-reciprocity in arrays and metamaterials, uncovering novel effects not previously reported.

## Key findings

- Identification of new rotation-induced non-reciprocal effects
- Demonstration of symmetry breaches in rotating arrays
- Analysis of structure parameter influence on rotation footprint

## Abstract

Polarizability theory and discrete dipole approximation in a rotating medium rest-frame is developed and discussed. The analysis is based on a rigorous rotating medium Green's function, and is used to study the effect of rotation on various arrays and metamaterials. The non-reciprocal electrodynamics induced by the rotation is exposed and studied. Although it can be interpreted in terms of the multiplicity of Sagnac interference loops inside the structure, the associated rotation footprint exhibits new effects of the structure parameters not previously reported in conventional Sagnac effect. The resulting non-reciprocity will also be demonstrated and discussed.