# Multi-messenger Gravitational-Wave + High-Energy Neutrino Searches with LIGO, Virgo, and IceCube

## TL;DR

This paper discusses the latest methods and results in joint gravitational-wave and high-energy neutrino searches, highlighting the importance of rapid, localized multi-messenger detection for understanding astrophysical phenomena.

## Contribution

It introduces the LLAMA algorithm for low-latency joint detection and presents recent sensitivity results from combined LIGO/Virgo and IceCube observations.

## Key findings

- Enhanced localization of joint signals compared to single detections
- Improved sensitivity of multi-messenger search techniques
- Future prospects for understanding neutron star merger outflows

## Abstract

Multi-messenger searches for gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos provide important insights into the dynamics of and particle acceleration by black holes and neutron stars. With LIGO's third observing period (O3), the number of gravitational wave detections has been substantially increased. The rapid identification of joint signals is crucial for electromagnetic follow-up observations of transient emission that is only detectable for short periods of time. High-energy neutrino direction can be reconstructed to sub-degree precision, making a joint detection far better localized than a standalone gravitational-wave signal. We present the latest sensitivity of joint searches and discuss the Low-Latency Algorithm for Multi-messenger Astrophysics (LLAMA) that combines LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave candidates and searches in low-latency for coincident high-energy neutrinos from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. We will further discuss future prospects of joint searches from the perspective of better understanding the interaction of relativistic and sub-relativistic outflows from binary neutron star mergers.