On the lattice of weak topologies on the bicyclic monoid with adjoined zero

TL;DR

This paper characterizes the lattice of weak topologies on the bicyclic monoid with zero, showing its isomorphism to shift-invariant filters on omega and analyzing its cardinal characteristics.

Contribution

It establishes an isomorphism between the lattice of weak topologies and shift-invariant filters, and investigates the lattice's cardinal properties.

Findings

Lattice of weak topologies is isomorphic to shift-invariant filters on omega.

Contains an antichain of size 2^c and a chain of size c.

Existence of a well-ordered chain of first-countable weak topologies of order type t.

Abstract

A Hausdorff topology $\tau$ on the bicyclic monoid with adjoined zero $\mathcal{C}^0$ is called {\em weak} if it is contained in the coarsest inverse semigroup topology on $\mathcal{C}^0$. We show that the lattice $\mathcal{W}$ of all weak shift-continuous topologies on $\mathcal{C}^0$ is isomorphic to the lattice of all shift-invariant filters on $\omega$ with an attached element $1$ endowed with the following partial order: $\mathcal{F}\leq \mathcal{G}$ iff $\mathcal{G}=1$ or $\mathcal{F}\subset \mathcal{G}$. Also, we investigate cardinal characteristics of the lattice $\mathcal{W}$. In particular, we proved that $\mathcal{W}$ contains an antichain of cardinality $2^{\mathfrak{c}}$ and a well-ordered chain of cardinality $\mathfrak{c}$. Moreover, there exists a well-ordered chain of first-countable weak topologies of order type $\mathfrak{t}$.