# Finite Pulse Waves for Efficient Suppression of Evolving Mesoscale Dendrites in Rechargeable Batteries

## TL;DR

This paper develops an analytical framework to optimize pulse parameters that suppress dendritic growth in rechargeable batteries, enhancing safety and lifespan by controlling ion diffusion and electromigration effects.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel, dimension-free analytical model for pulse design to prevent dendrite formation, validated by experimental observations across different scales.

## Key findings

- Optimal pulse characteristics halt dendritic microstructures.
- The model incorporates ion Brownian motion and interface geometry.
- Experimental results confirm the analytical predictions.

## Abstract

The ramified and stochastic evolution of dendritic microstructures has been a major issue on the safety and longevity of rechargeable batteries, particularly for the utilization high-energy metallic electrodes. We analytically develop criteria for the pulse characteristics leading to the effective halting of the ramified electrodeposits grown during extensive time scales beyond inter-ionic collisions. Our framework is based on the competitive interplay between diffusion and electromigration and tracks the gradient of ionic concentration throughout the entire cycle of pulse-rest as a critical measure for heterogeneous evolution. In particular, the framework incorporates the Brownian motion of the ions and investigates the role of the geometry of the electrodeposition interface. Our novel experimental observations verify the analytical developments, where the the dimension-free developments allows the application to the electrochemical systems of various scales.