# Automatic Fact-Checking Using Context and Discourse Information

## TL;DR

This paper explores automatic fact-checking by leveraging contextual and discourse information, developing neural and SVM-based systems for claim detection and verification in debates and online forums.

## Contribution

It introduces annotated datasets and demonstrates the importance of contextual features in improving fact-checking accuracy.

## Key findings

- Contextual information significantly improves claim detection.
- Discourse cues enhance fact-verification performance.
- Rich input representations lead to better system accuracy.

## Abstract

We study the problem of automatic fact-checking, paying special attention to the impact of contextual and discourse information. We address two related tasks: (i) detecting check-worthy claims, and (ii) fact-checking claims. We develop supervised systems based on neural networks, kernel-based support vector machines, and combinations thereof, which make use of rich input representations in terms of discourse cues and contextual features. For the check-worthiness estimation task, we focus on political debates, and we model the target claim in the context of the full intervention of a participant and the previous and the following turns in the debate, taking into account contextual meta information. For the fact-checking task, we focus on answer verification in a community forum, and we model the veracity of the answer with respect to the entire question--answer thread in which it occurs as well as with respect to other related posts from the entire forum. We develop annotated datasets for both tasks and we run extensive experimental evaluation, confirming that both types of information ---but especially contextual features--- play an important role.