# Generalized Multiscale Finite Element method for multicontinua unsaturated flow problems in fractured porous media

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a multiscale finite element method for efficient and accurate simulation of complex multicontinua unsaturated flow in fractured porous media, significantly reducing computational complexity.

## Contribution

The paper develops a generalized multiscale finite element approach tailored for multicontinua unsaturated flow in fractured media, enabling coarse grid simulations with high accuracy.

## Key findings

- High accuracy coarse grid approximation achieved
- Significant reduction in system size demonstrated
- Method effective for 2D and 3D complex fracture networks

## Abstract

In this paper, we present a multiscale method for simulations of the multicontinua unsaturated flow problems in heterogeneous fractured porous media. The mathematical model is described by the system of Richards equations for each continuum that coupled by the specific transfer term. To illustrate the idea of our approach, we consider a dual continua background model with discrete fractures networks that generalized as a multicontinua model for unsaturated fluid flow in the complex heterogeneous porous media. We present fine grid approximation based on the finite element method and Discrete Fracture Model approach. In this model, we construct an unstructured fine grid that take into account a complex fracture geometries for two and three dimensional formulations. Due to construction of the unstructured grid, the fine grid approximation leads to the very large system of equations. For reduction of the discrete system size, we develop a multiscale method for coarse grid approximation of the coupled problem using Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method. In this method, we construct a coupled multiscale basis functions that used to construct highly accurate coarse grid approximation. The multiscale method allowed us to capture detailed interactions between multiple continua. We investigate accuracy of the proposed method for the several test problems in two and three dimensional formulations. We present a comparison of the relative error for different number of basis functions and for adaptive approach. Numerical results illustrate that the presented method provide accurate solution of the unsaturated multicontinua problem on the coarse grid with huge reduction of the discrete system size.