Partition functions of $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric sigma models and Special geometry for the two-moduli non-Fermat Calabi-Yau manifold
Alexander Belavin, Boris Eremin

TL;DR
This paper verifies the JKLMR conjecture linking partition functions of supersymmetric sigma models on S^2 with special geometry of Calabi-Yau moduli spaces, using mirror symmetry for a two-moduli non-Fermat Calabi-Yau.
Contribution
It provides an explicit verification of the JKLMR conjecture for a non-Fermat Calabi-Yau manifold via mirror symmetry and special geometry analysis.
Findings
Confirmed the JKLMR conjecture for the non-Fermat Calabi-Yau case
Constructed the dual GLSM and its mirror manifold
Explicitly computed the partition functions and moduli space geometry
Abstract
We study the new case of the application of the JKLMR conjecture on the connection between the exact partition functions of supersymmetric gauged linear sigma models (GLSM) on and special K\"ahler geometry on the moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau manifold . The last ones arise as manifolds of the supersymmetric vacua of the GLSM. We establish this correspondence using the Mirror symmetry in Batyrev's approach. Namely, starting from the two-moduli non-Fermat Calabi-Yau manifold we construct the dual GLSM with the supersymmetric vacua , which is the mirror for . Knowing the special geometry on the complex moduli space of we verify the mirror version of the JKLMR conjecture by explicit computation.
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Partition function of supersymmetric sigma models and Special geometry
for the two-moduli non-Fermat Calabi-Yau manifold
Alexander Belavin
Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems,127994 Moscow, Russia
Boris Eremin
Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia.
Abstract
We study the new case of the application of the JKLMR conjecture on the connection between the exact partition functions of supersymmetric gauged linear sigma models (GLSM) on and special Kähler geometry on the moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau manifold . The last ones arise as manifolds of the supersymmetric vacua of the GLSM. We establish this correspondence using the Mirror symmetry in Batyrev’s approach. Namely, starting from the two-moduli non-Fermat Calabi-Yau manifold we construct the dual GLSM with the supersymmetric vacua , which is the mirror for . Knowing the special geometry on the complex moduli space of we verify the mirror version of the JKLMR conjecture by explicit computation.
1 Introduction
Superstring theory is considered as a possible approach for unifying the Standard model and Quantum gravity. To obtain theory with Spacetime supersymmetry (which is needed for the phenomenological reasons) we have to compactify 6 of 10 dimensions of Superstring theory on Calabi-Yau manifolds [1, 2]. The resulting Lagrangian of the low-energy effective theory is defined by so called Special geometry which appears on the moduli space of CY manifold [3, 4, 5]. Indeed the moduli space of Calabi-Yau manifold is a product of two factors: Moduli space of the Kähler structure deformations and Moduli space of the complex structure deformations . Therefore for finding the Effective low energy theory we have to compute the Special Kähler geometry on the both Moduli spaces of CY manifolds.
A new approach for computing the Special geometry on the moduli space of complex structures has been introduced in [6] some time ago. This method is based on the isomorphism between the middle cohomologies on CY and Chiral ring defined by the polynomial whose zero locus is the CY hypersurface in the weighted projective space.
On the other hand the conjecture for the explicit expression for the Kähler potential for the moduli space of the Kähler structure deformations was suggested and checked recently [7]. This conjecture (JKLMR conjecture) is the equality
[TABLE]
where is the Kähler potential of the special geometry on the Kähler moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau manifold defined as a hypersurface in the toric variety. The is the partition function of some gauge linear sigma model (GLSM) [8] on . Partition function was computed exactly by the Supersymmetric localization technique in [9, 10]. In this case the CY manifold coincides with the space of the supersymmetric vacua states of this GLSM. The JKLMR conjecture was proven some time ago in [11, 12, 13].
Since the JKLMR conjecture is right, then due to the mirror symmetry, its mirror version should be right [14, 15, 16] as well
[TABLE]
Here is the Kähler potential on - moduli space of complex structures of Calabi-Yau family , which is the mirror partner to , and are the complex structure moduli, the coordinates on .
Kähler potential for mirror quintic threefold was computed firstly in [5]. Thereafter in [18, 19, 20, 21] the special geometry on the moduli space of complex structures has been computed for the wide set of Calabi-Yau manifolds.
The mirror version of JKLMR conjecture (2) has been verified [7, 15, 16] for a few cases, see also [17].
In this work we present a verification of the mirror conjecture (2) for the case that belongs to a class of Calabi-Yau manifolds considered by Berglund and Hübsch in [22].
The key point of our approach is using the Batyrev’s construction [23]. A Calabi-Yau threefold , defined as a hypersurface in a weighted projective space is given by zero locus of quasihomogenious polynomial . Exponents of the monomials in the define finite set . Their convex set defines Batyrev’s polytope [23]. We use the set of vectors for constructing the fan [24], which defines a toric variety. Calabi-Yau manifold , which is the mirror of , is realized as a hypersurface in this toric variety by a homogeneous polynomial . Knowing the fan we find GLSM, its gauge group and the chiral multiplet charges. The last ones appear as a coefficients of linear relations between the vectors of the fan and define a weights of a toric variety.
2 Special geometry for the two-moduli non-Fermat Calabi-Yau
In this paper, we consider the non-Fermat type manifold with two deformations of complex structure [22]. The manifold is defined as a hypersurface in a weighted projective space:
[TABLE]
The main point is that this model is not of the Fermat type, which was considered before in [16]. Namely, let Calabi-Yau is given by equation in
[TABLE]
The degree of the polynomial equals . The phase symmetry group of at is .
We consider a quotient , where . The Hodge numbers of this 2-parameter family are and . The basis in the invariant part of Milnor’s ring consists of monomials [21]: where и .
Special geometry on the moduli space of complex structures is given by Kähler potential, which was computed in [21] and can be rewritten in a form
[TABLE]
here
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
3 Gauged Linear Sigma Model
For the first time, this model was considered by Witten in [8]. It was shown in [9, 10] that this model can be defined on with preserving supersymmetry. It allows to compute the exact partition function by supersymmetric localization technique [9, 10].
Lagrangian of this model [8] is a sum of Yang-Mills Lagrangian , kinetic term for matter chiral superfields , Fayet–Iliopoulos term and the term with superpotential .
We consider the theory with gauge group with gauge vector superfields . Supersymmetric vacua space of the potential energy for the scalar fields of chiral multiplet is a hypersurface in a toric variety for suitable values of Fayet–Iliopoulos parameters .
The toric varieties themselves form a family depending on parameters and theta angles . Hypersurfaces in each of these toric varieties form a family of the Calabi-Yau manifolds, which depend on the coefficients of the polynomial . The last ones are moduli of the complex structure of . The polynomial is invariant with respect to coordinate transformations in the toric variety . The weights are nothing but charges of action.
Potential energy for the scalar fields in this theory is given by [8]
[TABLE]
Here we denote by the coupling constants.
Supersymmetric vacua of the theory is given by minima of the potential (9) modulo gauge symmetry. For it is defined as a manifold
[TABLE]
An equivalent way [24] to define a manifold (10) is to set in a toric variety defined as a quotient
[TABLE]
where is some invariant subset. The charges are weights of the torus action on , . That definition is needed for constructing the mirror manifold to the initial one according to the Batyrev construction.
Partition function of GLSM was computed exactly using the Supersymmetric Localization and given by the formula [9, 10]:
[TABLE]
where the contours go along the imaginary axis. The parameters denote the R-symmetry charges. Note that partition function (12) does not depend on the coupling constants and the specific choice of the superpotential .
The conjecture proposed by Jockers et al [7] is that partition function (12) matches with the exponent of the Kähler potential of the Kähler moduli space of Calabi-Yau manifold , defined as a hypersurface in a toric variety. The last one arises as a manifold of the supersymmetric vacua of the GLSM. (10). This statement has been checked for a few examples of Calabi-Yau manifolds in [7, 15, 16]. The main problem of verification is the complexity of computing the special Kähler geometry .
Since the construction of the mirror symmetry implies the equality
[TABLE]
then the conjecture (1), as mentioned above, can be checked in mirror form [14, 15]
[TABLE]
We will verify (14) for the case of Calabi-Yau 2-parameter family mentioned above, using the previously computed in the work [21].
4 Mirror symmetry
Let us discuss the method for constructing Calabi-Yau threefold that is a mirror partner for the , developed in [15]. Consider Calabi-Yau manifold defined by zero locus of the quasi-homogeneous polynomial in a weighted projective space .
[TABLE]
Here are the coordinates on the moduli space of complex structures . In fact, the equation (15) defines the whole family of Calabi-Yau manifolds, corresponding to the points on the moduli space.
The set of exponents corresponds to the coordinates of vectors , that is . These vectors define a fan which defines a toric manifold that contents the mirror Calabi-Yau manifold . More precisely, they are the edges of this fan. Using this fact we will build the mirror manifold .
These vectors being vectors in five-dimensional space satisfy the linear relations
[TABLE]
where is a set of integer numbers that we choose such that they form an integral basis of the linear relations between the exponents of the monomials of .
So now, using the data we can define a toric variety , . Namely, consider the coordinates in and define the factorization
[TABLE]
Then the mirror Calabi-Yau manifold for is realized as a hypersurface in the toric variety given by the homogeneous polynomial such that
[TABLE]
5 Verification of the conjecture
Let us proceed to the verification of the mirror version of the JKLMR conjecture [7]. Namely, we will show by explicit computation the equality .
We write the polynomial (4) in a form
[TABLE]
The exponents are coordinates of the vectors , that is . Where vectors are
[TABLE]
These seven vectors being five-dimensional satisfy two linear relations:
[TABLE]
here the is a set of integer numbers such that (21) defines an integer basis in a space of linear relations between vectors .
The convenient choice of the is:
[TABLE]
Let us construct the connection between the model with manifold and Gauged Linear Sigma Model. Following the approach developed in [15] we set , i.e. consider a theory with a gauge group and chiral multiplets with charges from the (22).
The exact partition function of this model is given by the expression:
[TABLE]
We set the charges of R-symmetry . We introduce a change of coordinates on a vacua space
[TABLE]
Then we obtain
[TABLE]
For the contours can be deformed to the right half-plane. Then, by Cauchy theorem, the integrals (25) are reduced to the sum of residues at the poles of the gamma function
[TABLE]
Also denote
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
When and the gamma functions in the denominator of the formula (25) have poles, therefore the corresponding terms in the sum vanish. It follows that the sum in(25) effectively goes over the set:
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
From the relations we conclude that the numbers and belong to the same classes .
Therefore the partition function can be rewritten as
[TABLE]
Using the identities:
[TABLE]
we find:
[TABLE]
[TABLE]
The expression for the partition function matches with the formula (5) for from the paper [21]. In order to obtain this equality we must identify moduli of complex structures of the Calabi-Yau with Kähler moduli of the manifold as
[TABLE]
where are connected with the parameters by the formula (24).
These relations give the mirror map for the considered case.
Conclusion
Starting from the model with non-Fermat Calabi-Yau we have constructed the Gauged Linear Sigma Model with the manifold of supersymmetric vacua , which is the mirror for . Knowing the Special geometry on the moduli space of complex structures on and using Mirror symmetry in Batyrev’s approach [23] we have checked JKLMR conjecture [7] for this case having obtained the explicit equality . We done that for the case of Calabi-Yau of non-Fermat type which was not considered before in this way.
The formula (25) is also important because it gives an analytic continuation for the Kähler potential on the moduli space of complex structures outside the region of convergence of the series (6).
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to K. Aleshkin, G. Koshevoi, F, Malikov, A. Litvinov, V. Pestun, and M. Kontsevich for the useful discussions. A. B. is grateful to prof. Pestun for the possibility to visit IHES in 2019. The project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (QUASIFT grant agreement 677368). This work was done in Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics and has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation under the grant 18-12-00439.
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