# Quantifying coherence with respect to general quantum measurements

## TL;DR

This paper extends the resource theory of quantum coherence to general measurements (POVMs), introducing new measures and operational interpretations, and highlighting the richer structure compared to projective measurements.

## Contribution

It develops a rigorous probabilistic framework for POVM-based coherence measures and introduces new strongly monotonic resource measures.

## Key findings

- POVM coherence measures generalize standard coherence measures.
- Relative entropy of POVM-coherence equals cryptographic randomness gain.
- The framework reveals richer structure of coherence with general quantum measurements.

## Abstract

Coherence is a cornerstone of quantum theory and a prerequisite for the advantage of quantum technologies. In recent work, the notion of coherence with respect to a general quantum measurement (POVM) was introduced and embedded into a resource-theoretic framework that generalizes the standard resource theory of coherence. In particular, POVM-incoherent (free) states and operations were established. In this work, we explore features of this framework which arise due to the rich structure of POVMs compared to projective measurements. Moreover, we introduce a rigorous, probabilisitic framework for POVM-based coherence measures and free operations. This leads to the introduction of new, strongly monotonic resource measures that neatly generalize well-known standard coherence measures. Finally, we show that the relative entropy of POVM-coherence is equal to the cryptographic randomness gain, providing an important operational meaning to the concept of coherence with respect to a general measurement.