# Towards Efficient BLE Mesh: Design of an Autonomous Network Joining Algorithm

## TL;DR

This paper proposes an autonomous network joining algorithm for BLE Mesh that improves scalability, delay, and packet delivery ratio by optimizing parent selection based on device and environmental parameters.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel parent selection algorithm for BLE Mesh that enhances network efficiency and scalability, validated through implementation and testing on an open source protocol.

## Key findings

- 26% reduction in end-to-end delay
- 10% improvement in packet delivery ratio
- 24% reduction in saturated branches

## Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) opens the doors to a digital revolution, but requires a robust protocol to wirelessly interconnect a large number of devices. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Mesh emerges as a suitable candidate, solving the range limitations of original BLE. Nevertheless, the main limitation is shifted to the scatternet architecture: how the considerable number of end systems are interconnected to ensure the network efficiency and scalability. As of today, some timid solutions have emerged, though the most relevant parameters for the best parent selection in BLE mesh network joining procedures have not been identified yet. In this work, we perform a thorough exploration of different device and environmental parameters in a BLE mesh testbed to analyze their impact in the overall network figures of merit, such as end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio (PDR). According to the inferred relevance, the second part of the work implements and measures the proposed parent selection algorithm. The implementation is based on the open source Fruitymesh protocol and is used as a baseline. The results reflect an enhancement in the network scalability and fairness, accomplishing a delay and PDR improvement of 26% and 10% respectively, and the avoidance of saturated branches of 24%.