# QCD effective charges and the structure function $F_{2}$ at small-$x$: Higher twist effects

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how higher twist operators influence the structure function F2 at small-x in QCD, incorporating effective charges with infrared constraints and demonstrating their importance for matching experimental data.

## Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of higher twist effects on F2 at small-x using renormalon formalism and effective charges constrained by a dynamical mass scale.

## Key findings

- Higher twist corrections are essential for accurate data description.
- Twist-four and twist-six contributions are both necessary and sufficient.
- The approach aligns well with deep infrared experimental results.

## Abstract

We consider the effect of higher twist operators of the Wilson operator product expansion in the structure function $F_{2}(x,Q^{2})$ at small-$x$, taking into account QCD effective charges whose infrared behavior is constrained by a dynamical mass scale. The higher twist corrections are obtained from the renormalon formalism. Our analysis is performed within the conventional framework of next-to-leading order, with the factorization and renormalization scales chosen to be $Q^{2}$. The infrared properties of QCD are treated in the context of the generalized double-asymptotic-scaling approximation. We show that the corrections to $F_{2}$ associated with twist-four and twist-six are both necessary and sufficient for a good description of the deep infrared experimental data.