# Probing invisible decay of dark photon at BESIII and future STCF via monophoton searches

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential of BESIII and future STCF experiments to detect or constrain sub-GeV dark photons decaying into dark matter through monophoton events, providing new limits and exploring dark matter models.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of monophoton events at BESIII and STCF to probe dark photon decay into dark matter, setting new experimental limits and constraining dark matter models.

## Key findings

- BESIII data sets new limits on dark photon mixing strength $oldsymbol{ ilde{ ext{varepsilon}}}$ in the 0.04-3 GeV mass range.
- Future STCF with 30 ab$^{-1}$ can probe $oldsymbol{ ilde{ ext{varepsilon}}}$ down to 5.1×10$^{-6}$ at 1 GeV.
- Constraints on scalar and fermionic dark matter models are established for masses between 0.001 and 1 GeV.

## Abstract

We propose to search the monophoton events at the BESIII detector and future Super Tau Charm Factory to probe the sub-GeV dark photon decay into lighter dark matter. We compute the cross section due to the dark photon associated a standard model photon production, and study the corresponding standard model irreducible/reducible backgrounds. By using the data about 17 fb$^{-1}$ collected at the BESIII detector since 2011, we derive new leading limits of the mixing strength $\varepsilon$, $\varepsilon\lesssim(1.1-1.6)\times 10^{-4}$, in the mass range of 0.04 GeV $\lesssim m_{A^\prime} \lesssim$ 3 GeV. With 30 ab$^{-1}$ data, STCF running at $\sqrt{s} = 2$ GeV, can probe $\varepsilon$ down to 5.1$\times 10^{-6}$ when $m_{A^\prime}=1$ GeV. For models of scalar and fermionic light thermal dark matter production via dark photon, we present the constrains on the dimensionless dark matter parameter $y=\varepsilon^2\alpha_D(m_\chi/m_{A^\prime})^4$ as function of the DM mass $m_{\chi}$ at BESIII and future STCF, conventionally assuming the dark coupling constant $\alpha_D=0.5$ and $m_{A^\prime}=3 m_{\chi}$. We find that BESIII can exclude model of scalar, Majorana, and pseudo-Dirac (with a small splitting) DM for the mass region 0.03$\sim$1 GeV, 0.04$\sim$1 GeV and 0.4$\sim$1 GeV respectively. For values $\alpha_D\lesssim 0.005$, combining the results from 2 GeV STCF with 30 ab$^{-1}$ data and BaBar, one can exclude the above three DM models in the mass region 0.001 GeV $\lesssim m_{\chi} \lesssim$ 1 GeV.