# A portable potentiometric electronic tongue leveraging smartphone and cloud platforms

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a portable electronic tongue system that combines potentiometric sensors, smartphone interface, and cloud computing to enable rapid, remote chemical analysis and classification of liquids.

## Contribution

It presents a novel integrated platform with miniaturized sensors, smartphone data acquisition, and cloud-based machine learning for portable chemical fingerprinting.

## Key findings

- Classifies beverages and mineral water within 1 minute
- Uses a sensor array without a true reference electrode
- Employs machine learning for liquid identification

## Abstract

Electronic tongues based on potentiometry offer the prospect of rapid and continuous chemical fingerprinting for portable and remote systems. The present contribution presents a technology platform including a miniaturized electronic tongue based on electropolymerized ion-sensitive films, microcontroller-based data acquisition, a smartphone interface and cloud computing back-end for data storage and deployment of machine learning models. The sensor array records a series of differential voltages without use of a true reference electrode and the resulting time-series potentiometry data is used to train supervised machine learning algorithms. For trained systems, inferencing tasks such as the classification of liquids are realized within less than 1 minute including data acquisition at the edge and inference using the cloud-deployed machine learning model. Preliminary demonstration of the complete electronic tongue technology stack is reported for the classification of beverages and mineral water.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1907.06641