# An integrated optical device for frequency conversion across the full telecom C-band spectrum

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel integrated optical device capable of frequency conversion across the entire telecom C-band spectrum, enabling faster and more flexible optical signal routing without electronic intermediaries.

## Contribution

The authors demonstrate a versatile frequency conversion technique using a lithium niobate waveguide that maximizes efficiency across all WDM channels, applicable to various nonlinear materials and signals.

## Key findings

- Achieved efficient frequency conversion across the full C-band spectrum.
- Analyzed the role of dispersion in optimizing cascaded nonlinear processes.
- Presented a general method applicable to classical and quantum signals.

## Abstract

High-density communication through optical fiber is made possible by Wavelength Division Multiplexing, which is the simultaneous transmission of many discrete signals at different optical frequencies. Vast quantities of data may be transmitted without interference using this scheme but flexible routing of these signals requires an electronic middle step, carrying a cost in latency. We present a technique for frequency conversion across the entire WDM spectrum with a single device, which removes this latency cost. Using an optical waveguide in lithium niobate and two infrared pump beams, we show how to maximize conversion efficiency between arbitrary frequencies by analyzing the role of dispersion in cascaded nonlinear processes. The technique is presented generally and may be applied to any suitable nonlinear material or platform, and to classical or quantum optical signals.