# Heterotic/Heterotic and Heterotic/F-theory Duality

## TL;DR

This paper explores the relationship between heterotic (0,2) GLSMs and F-theory duals on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds, showing that simple geometric dualities are insufficient to explain the duality, highlighting the role of non-geometric data.

## Contribution

It investigates the conjecture that (0,2) heterotic dualities correspond to multiple K3-fibrations in F-theory, and demonstrates the necessity of non-geometric data in the duality.

## Key findings

- (0,2) duality cannot be explained by simple geometric fibrations
- Non-geometric data in F-theory plays a crucial role
- Evidence suggests more complex duality structures than previously conjectured

## Abstract

We consider heterotic target space dual (0,2) GLSMs on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds. In this context, each half of the "dual" heterotic theories must in turn have an F-theory dual. Moreover, the apparent relationship between two heterotic compactifications seen in (0,2) heterotic target space dual pairs should, in principle, induce some putative correspondence between the dual F-theory geometries. It has previously been conjectured in the literature that (0,2) target space duality might manifest in F-theory as multiple K3-fibrations of the same elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifold. In this work we investigate this conjecture in the context of both 6-dimensional and 4-dimensional effective theories and demonstrate that in general, (0,2) target space duality cannot be explained by such a simple phenomenon alone. In all cases, we provide evidence that non-geometric data in F-theory must play at least some role in the induced F-theory correspondence, while leaving the full determination of the putative new F-theory duality to future work.