The long term impact of Daylight Saving Time regulations in daily life at several circles of latitude
Jos\'e-Mar\'ia Mart\'in-Olalla

TL;DR
This study examines how long-term daylight saving time regulations affect sleep and labor cycles across different latitudes, revealing seasonal adaptations and the potential optimality of current DST practices.
Contribution
It provides large-scale, cross-national analysis of long-term effects of DST on daily life, highlighting seasonal and latitudinal variations in sleep and work patterns.
Findings
Labor cycle remains evenly distributed across seasons.
Sleep/wake cycle shows disturbance linked to solar events.
Latitude influences the degree of sleep/wake cycle variation.
Abstract
We analyze large scale (N~10000) time use surveys in United States, Spain, Italy, France and Great Britain to ascertain seasonal variations in the sleep/wake cycle and the labor cycle after daylight saving time -- summer time arrangements -- regulations have stood up for at least forty years. That is, not the usual search for short-term effects of the biannual transitions of DST but a search for how industrialized societies have responded to DST regulations. Results show that the labor cycle is equally distributed through seasons, an everyday experience which is a major outcome of DST. The sleep/wake cycle displays disturbance punctuated by solar events: sunrise, sunset and noon. Sleep onset in non-employees in a week-end -- the group more prone to free choices -- delays in summer opposing to the regulation. Yet, sleep offset in this group advances in summer, despite clock time already…
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